How an advertising agency fought for press freedom and broke industry records along the way.

As dictators around the world muzzle the media and newspapers confront an uncertain future, the freedom of the press has become one of the hottest topics of 2009. Advertising agency TBWA joined the debate with a disruptive campaign that scooped no less than nine top prizes at the industry’s annual festival in Cannes: a record. It centers on a crusading newspaper, a dictatorship and messages printed on trillion dollar banknotes.

“The story reads like something out of a movie, but it’s painfully real,” says John Hunt, Worldwide Creative Director of TBWA. “The setting is Zimbabwe, where one of the only sources of reliable information is a newspaper called The Zimbabwean, whose journalists are forced to live and work in exile. On top of that, the Mugabe government has slapped a 70 percent import duty on the paper, so very few Zimbabweans can afford to buy it. Needless to say, it has almost no advertising budget.”

TBWA’s South African agency, TBWA\Hunt Lascaris, wanted to publicize the plight of the newspaper while simultaneously criticizing Robert Mugabe’s dysfunctional regime. “Thanks to runaway inflation, Zimbabwean currency literally isn’t worth the paper it’s printed on. So we decided that it would be cheaper to print ads on Zimbabwean bills than on regular paper.”

The insight was a perfect fit with TBWA’s “disruption” theory, conceived by its chairman Jean-Marie Dru. Disruption is about overturning conventions to come up with original ideas. In this case, TBWA ignored conventional news channels and turned money into a medium – the symbol of a failed state. After record-breaking inflation Zimbabwe had recently issued the 100 trillion dollar note, whose 14 zeros did not even add up to the price of a loaf of bread.

“Our team found themselves in a seedy part of Johannesburg exchanging a handful of US dollars for trillions of dollars of Zimbabwean cash. At another point we had Zimbabwean friends turning up at the border with refuse bags stuffed with banknotes. One bag was worth about two US dollars.”

Real money is hard to ignore. During the campaign, agency staffers handed out hundreds of high denomination Zimbabwean banknotes in the street. Printed on them was the message: “Fight the regime that has crippled a country”, accompanied by the newspaper’s website address.

TBWA also created the world’s first advertising posters made from genuine banknotes. Giant billboards fluttering with real money made the message dramatically clear. Smaller posters, often located near places that sold The Zimbabwean, allowed people to peel off the bills and show their friends. The agency sent envelopes stuffed with Zimbabwean money to radio DJs, TV presenters, journalists, politicians and other influential figures. Pretty soon, the media was abuzz with the story.

“While a wrinkled dollar bill with a message on it is a simple idea, digital media is incredibly sophisticated and swift,” says Hunt. “People would pass the billboards with their cell phone and take a picture. Then they’d send it out via Twitter or upload it onto their blog. You can guess what happened next: within about 24 hours the story was in newspapers and on websites across the globe. Today, when you have something interesting to say, people will share it.”

The campaign cost less than US$3000, but it was highly effective: a week after it had launched, hits on The Zimbabwean’s website rose from 2,000 a day to more than two million.

The campaign deservedly won the agency’s in-house Disruption Award Grand Prix. More public accolades came at the Cannes Lions 2009 International Advertising Festival, which ended on June 27. The “trillion dollar” campaign won no less than 9 top prizes, including a Grand Prix in the outdoor advertising category and a Gold in the prestigious Titanium category, which recognizes game-changing ideas. It’s the first time in the festival’s 56 years that a single campaign has scooped so many awards.

“The Cannes festival was a recognition that the TBWA method works,” notes Hunt. “What you need in advertising today is a single visceral idea that touches many people, expressed in an intelligent way across different media. At our agency, we call this Disruption supported by the use of Media Arts.”

In the midst of the recession, the campaign also showed that advertising techniques could be used for other purposes than pushing product. “Taken in context with brutal press restrictions in places like Iran and Myanmar, it’s incredibly resonant,” Hunt agrees. “Advertising is the most effective way of supporting a free press, so perhaps this is a timely reminder that our industry doesn’t just exist to create hype.”

If you have any comments please email Ulrich Proeschel.